Mitochondrial Biogenesis: Pharmacological Approaches

yesOrganelle biogenesis is concomitant to organelle inheritance during cell division. It is necessary that organelles double their size and divide to give rise to two identical daughter cells. Mitochondrial biogenesis occurs by growth and division of pre-existing organelles and is temporally coordinated with cell cycle events [1]. However, mitochondrial biogenesis is not only produced in association with cell division. It can be produced in response to an oxidative stimulus, to an increase in the energy requirements of the cells, to exercise training, to electrical stimulation, to hormones, during development, in certain mitochondrial diseases, etc. [2]. Mitochondrial biogenesis is therefore defined as the process via which cells increase their individual mitochondrial mass [3]. Recent discoveries have raised attention to mitochondrial biogenesis as a potential target to treat diseases which up to date do not have an efficient cure. Mitochondria, as the major ROS producer and the major antioxidant producer exert a crucial role within the cell mediating processes such as apoptosis, detoxification, Ca2+ buffering, etc. This pivotal role makes mitochondria a potential target to treat a great variety of diseases. Mitochondrial biogenesis can be pharmacologically manipulated. This issue tries to cover a number of approaches to treat several diseases through triggering mitochondrial biogenesis. It contains recent discoveries in this novel field, focusing on advanced mitochondrial therapies to chronic and degenerative diseases, mitochondrial diseases, lifespan extension, mitohormesis, intracellular signaling, new pharmacological targets and natural therapies. It contributes to the field by covering and gathering the scarcely reported pharmacological approaches in the novel and promising field of mitochondrial biogenesis

Hardware schemes for early register release

Register files are becoming one of the critical components of current out-of-order processors in terms of delay and power consumption, since their potential to exploit instruction-level parallelism is quite related to the size and number of ports of the register file. In conventional register renaming schemes, register releasing is conservatively done only after the instruction that redefines the same register is committed. Instead, we propose a scheme that releases registers as soon as the processor knows that there will be no further use of them. We present two early releasing hardware implementations with different performance/complexity trade-offs. Detailed cycle-level simulations show either a significant speedup for a given register file size, or a reduction in register file size for a given performance level.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Molecular Identification through Membrane Engineering as a Revolutionary Concept for the Construction of Cell Sensors with Customized Target Recognition Properties: the Example of Superoxide Detection

AbstractMembrane-engineering is a generic methodology for increasing the selectivity of a cell biosensor against a target molecule, by electroinserting target-specific receptor molecules on the cell surface. We have previously reported the construction of an ultra-sensitive superoxide anion (O2•−) sensor based on immobilized cells, which have been membrane-engineered with superoxide dismutase (SOD). In the present study, we provide evidence that superoxide dismutation triggered changes to the membrane potential of membrane-engineered fibroblast cells, as confirmed by electrophysiological and fluorescence assays. In addition, by conducting selective inhibition assays, we show that electroinserted SOD molecules retained their characteristic catalytic properties. We also investigated the effect of the concentration of electroinserted SOD molecules. Finally, we increased the sensitivity of the sensor by hundredfold to a detection limit of 1 pM O2•− by changing the intensity of the electrical field during electroinsertion and the concentration of immobilized cells on the performance of the biosensor

Late allocation and early release of physical registers

The register file is one of the critical components of current processors in terms of access time and power consumption. Among other things, the potential to exploit instruction-level parallelism is closely related to the size and number of ports of the register file. In conventional register renaming schemes, both register allocation and releasing are conservatively done, the former at the rename stage, before registers are loaded with values, and the latter at the commit stage of the instruction redefining the same register, once registers are not used any more. We introduce VP-LAER, a renaming scheme that allocates registers later and releases them earlier than conventional schemes. Specifically, physical registers are allocated at the end of the execution stage and released as soon as the processor realizes that there will be no further use of them. VP-LAER enhances register utilization, that is, the fraction of allocated registers having a value to be read in the future. Detailed cycle-level simulations show either a significant speedup for a given register file size or a reduction in the register file size for a given performance level, especially for floating-point codes, where the register file pressure is usually high.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Análisis del turismo de buceo en Andalucía

Este proyecto Fin de Grado presenta un análisis del turismo de buceo en Andalucía. El trabajo se estructura en tres capítulos. En el primero se describen los objetivos y la metodología desarrollada para la obtención de estos. En el segundo, se ha realizado una revisión teórica que nos introduce en el buceo, ofreciendo una visión general de éste como actividad, contando sus antecedentes e inicios y los diferentes tipos de inmersión existentes. En el tercero se presenta la situación del turismo de buceo en Andalucía, prestando especial atención a dos sectores costeros claramente diferenciados: la Costa de la Luz (litoral atlántico) y la Costa Tropical de Granada (litoral mediterráneo). Todo ello ha confluido en la realización de un análisis DAFO para valorar la situación del desarrollo turístico de buceo.Universidad de Sevilla. Grado en Turism

Metodologia indagatòria en l'aprenentatge de la Física i Química

Treball Final de Màster Universitari en Professor/a d'Educació Secundària Obligatòria i Batxillerat, Formació Professional i Ensenyaments d'Idiomes. Codi SAP119. Curs: 2019/2020Aquest treball correspon al treball fi de màster (TFM), del Màster Universitari en Professor/a d'Educació Secundària Obligatòria i Batxillerat, Formació Professional i Ensenyaments d'Idiomes en l'especialitat de Ciències Experimentals i Tecnologia. S’engloba dins de la modalitat 3, que fa referència a la planificació curricular a partir de la qual es dissenya una unitat didàctica de l’assignatura de Física i Quimica per al curs de 3r d’ESO mitjançant la legislació vigent de la LOMQE. Aquesta programació inclou tres unitats didàctiques, la primera d’elles correspon a la unitat didàctica 5 del Bloc 2 de continguts mentre que les dues restants són les unitats didàctiques 6 i 7 que pertanyen al Bloc 3, especificats en el Reial Decret 1105/2014; i en la que s’exposa la temporalització de les sessions i les activitats descrites a partir de diferents metodologies i que s’especifiquen de manera detallada en l’apartat d’annexos. A més, la última unitat didàctica forma part de la unitat didàctica impartida en l’estància en pràctiques en l’IES l’Alcalatén de l’Alcora, on vaig poder desenvolupar tot el que es detalla en la planificació. A partir del disseny d’aquestes unitats didàctiques, he intentat apropar a l’alumnat a les ciències. L’ús de la metodologia d’indagació mitjançant experiments en el laboratori aproparà el procés d’ensenyament-aprenentatge a l’alumnat, on els alumnes assoliran el paper d’investigadors, el qual els permetrà constuir un coneixement més significatiu. La metodologia d’aprenentatge basat en problemas (ABL), el treball cooperatiu i la participació activa són elements que també estan presents en les activitats, que finalment s’avaluaran a partir de les rúbriques i ens proporcionaran les evidències necessàries per conèixer si els alumnes han assolit les competències clau

Molecular Diagnosis of Endemic Mycoses

Endemic mycoses; Molecular diagnosisMicosis endémicas; Diagnóstico molecularMicosis endèmiques; Diagnòstic molecularDiagnosis of endemic mycoses is still challenging. The moderated availability of reliable diagnostic methods, the lack of clinical suspicion out of endemic areas and the limitations of conventional techniques result in a late diagnosis that, in turn, delays the implementation of the correct antifungal therapy. In recent years, molecular methods have emerged as promising tools for the rapid diagnosis of endemic mycoses. However, the absence of a consensus among laboratories and the reduced availability of commercial tests compromises the diagnostic effectiveness of these methods. In this review, we summarize the advantages and limitations of molecular methods for the diagnosis of endemic mycoses.This research was funded by research project PI21CIII/00007 from Spanish Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias of the Instituto de Salud Carlos III

Psychological first aid and crisis intervention for healthcare workers in COVID-19 pandemic

RESUMEN: La pandemia del COVID-19 ha afectado física y psicológicamente a la sociedad global, especialmente a los trabajadores relacionados con el campo de la salud. Estos se vieron obligados a ofrecer una solución a un contagio del que aún no se conocían los detalles. Tampoco contaban con los elementos de protección necesarios, de tal manera, se exponían al riesgo de contagio tanto ellos como sus familiares. Esto se tradujo en altos niveles de ansiedad, preocupación, miedo, entre otros síntomas. Como resultado, en México se implementó un servicio telefónico de atención psicológica ante la emergencia sanitaria. Dicho servicio ofrece: psicoeducación, primera ayuda psicológica, intervención en crisis o incluso una posible intervención psicoterapéutica futura. Tiene la intención tanto de resolver la emergencia demandada por dichos trabajadores de la salud, como escucharlos, apoyarlos y orientarlos. En el presente trabajo se describe dicho servicio, las técnicas utilizadas, se exponen dos casos representativos atendidos en este contexto y se plantea la necesidad y utilidad de servicios psicológicos duraderos para los empleados prestadores de servicio. ABSTRACT: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a physical and psychological impact on global society, especially on healthcare workers, who found themselves obliged to offer a solution to a contagion whose details were not yet known. They also lacked the necessary protective equipment, thus exposing themselves and their families to the risk of infection. This resulted in high levels of anxiety, preoccupation, fear, and other symptoms. Consequently, a mental health helpline was implemented in Mexico to deal with the unforeseen sanitary crisis. This service offers: psychoeducation, first psychological help, crisis intervention or even possible future psychotherapeutic intervention. It is intended both to resolve the emergency demanded by said health workers, as well as listening, supporting and guiding them. This paper describes this service, explores the techniques used, presents two representative cases dealt with in this context and raises the need for and usefulness of long-term psychological services for service provider employees